Integrand size = 18, antiderivative size = 596 \[ \int \frac {x^3}{\left (a+b \sec \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {x^4}{4 a^2}-\frac {i b^3 x^2 \log \left (1+\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{2 a^2 \left (-a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2} d}+\frac {i b x^2 \log \left (1+\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a^2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d}+\frac {i b^3 x^2 \log \left (1+\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{2 a^2 \left (-a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2} d}-\frac {i b x^2 \log \left (1+\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a^2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d}+\frac {b^2 \log \left (b+a \cos \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )}{2 a^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d^2}-\frac {b^3 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{2 a^2 \left (-a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2} d^2}+\frac {b \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a^2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d^2}+\frac {b^3 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{2 a^2 \left (-a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2} d^2}-\frac {b \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a^2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d^2}+\frac {b^2 x^2 \sin \left (c+d x^2\right )}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d \left (b+a \cos \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )} \]
1/4*x^4/a^2+1/2*b^2*ln(b+a*cos(d*x^2+c))/a^2/(a^2-b^2)/d^2-1/2*I*b^3*x^2*l n(1+a*exp(I*(d*x^2+c))/(b-(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)))/a^2/(-a^2+b^2)^(3/2)/d+1/2*I* b^3*x^2*ln(1+a*exp(I*(d*x^2+c))/(b+(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)))/a^2/(-a^2+b^2)^(3/2) /d-1/2*b^3*polylog(2,-a*exp(I*(d*x^2+c))/(b-(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)))/a^2/(-a^2+b ^2)^(3/2)/d^2+1/2*b^3*polylog(2,-a*exp(I*(d*x^2+c))/(b+(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)))/ a^2/(-a^2+b^2)^(3/2)/d^2+1/2*b^2*x^2*sin(d*x^2+c)/a/(a^2-b^2)/d/(b+a*cos(d *x^2+c))+I*b*x^2*ln(1+a*exp(I*(d*x^2+c))/(b-(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)))/a^2/d/(-a^2 +b^2)^(1/2)-I*b*x^2*ln(1+a*exp(I*(d*x^2+c))/(b+(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)))/a^2/d/(- a^2+b^2)^(1/2)+b*polylog(2,-a*exp(I*(d*x^2+c))/(b-(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)))/a^2/d ^2/(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)-b*polylog(2,-a*exp(I*(d*x^2+c))/(b+(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)))/ a^2/d^2/(-a^2+b^2)^(1/2)
Time = 11.66 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1118, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.88 \[ \int \frac {x^3}{\left (a+b \sec \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^2} \, dx =\text {Too large to display} \]
((-c + d*x^2)*(c + d*x^2)*(b + a*Cos[c + d*x^2])^2*Sec[c + d*x^2]^2)/(4*a^ 2*d^2*(a + b*Sec[c + d*x^2])^2) + ((b + a*Cos[c + d*x^2])*Sec[c + d*x^2]^2 *(b^2*c*Sin[c + d*x^2] - b^2*(c + d*x^2)*Sin[c + d*x^2]))/(2*a*(-a + b)*(a + b)*d^2*(a + b*Sec[c + d*x^2])^2) + (b*Cos[(c + d*x^2)/2]^2*(b + a*Cos[c + d*x^2])*(2*(2*a^2 - b^2)*c*ArcTanh[(Sqrt[a - b]*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2])/Sqr t[a + b]] - Sqrt[a - b]*b*Sqrt[a + b]*Log[Sec[(c + d*x^2)/2]^2] + Sqrt[a - b]*b*Sqrt[a + b]*Log[(b + a*Cos[c + d*x^2])*Sec[(c + d*x^2)/2]^2] + I*(2* a^2 - b^2)*(Log[1 - I*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]]*Log[(Sqrt[a + b] - Sqrt[a - b]*T an[(c + d*x^2)/2])/(I*Sqrt[a - b] + Sqrt[a + b])] + PolyLog[2, (Sqrt[a - b ]*(1 - I*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]))/(Sqrt[a - b] - I*Sqrt[a + b])]) - I*(2*a^2 - b^2)*(Log[1 - I*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]]*Log[(I*(Sqrt[a + b] + Sqrt[a - b]*Tan [(c + d*x^2)/2]))/(Sqrt[a - b] + I*Sqrt[a + b])] + PolyLog[2, (Sqrt[a - b] *(1 - I*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]))/(Sqrt[a - b] + I*Sqrt[a + b])]) + I*(2*a^2 - b^2)*(Log[1 + I*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]]*Log[(Sqrt[a + b] + Sqrt[a - b]*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2])/(I*Sqrt[a - b] + Sqrt[a + b])] + PolyLog[2, (Sqrt[a - b]*(1 + I*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]))/(Sqrt[a - b] - I*Sqrt[a + b])]) - I*(2*a^2 - b^2)* (Log[1 + I*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]]*Log[(I*(Sqrt[a + b] - Sqrt[a - b]*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]))/(Sqrt[a - b] + I*Sqrt[a + b])] + PolyLog[2, (Sqrt[a - b]*(1 + I*Tan[(c + d*x^2)/2]))/(Sqrt[a - b] + I*Sqrt[a + b])]))*Sec[c + d*x^2]^2*( (2*a^2 - b^2)*d*x^2 + a*b*Sin[c + d*x^2])*(Sqrt[a + b] - Sqrt[a - b]*Ta...
Time = 1.37 (sec) , antiderivative size = 586, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.98, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.222, Rules used = {4692, 3042, 4679, 2009}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x^3}{\left (a+b \sec \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^2} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4692 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{2} \int \frac {x^2}{\left (a+b \sec \left (d x^2+c\right )\right )^2}dx^2\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{2} \int \frac {x^2}{\left (a+b \csc \left (d x^2+c+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )^2}dx^2\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4679 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{2} \int \left (-\frac {2 b x^2}{a^2 \left (b+a \cos \left (d x^2+c\right )\right )}+\frac {x^2}{a^2}+\frac {b^2 x^2}{a^2 \left (b+a \cos \left (d x^2+c\right )\right )^2}\right )dx^2\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 2009 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {2 b \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {a e^{i \left (d x^2+c\right )}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a^2 d^2 \sqrt {b^2-a^2}}-\frac {2 b \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {a e^{i \left (d x^2+c\right )}}{b+\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a^2 d^2 \sqrt {b^2-a^2}}+\frac {b^2 \log \left (a \cos \left (c+d x^2\right )+b\right )}{a^2 d^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )}+\frac {2 i b x^2 \log \left (1+\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a^2 d \sqrt {b^2-a^2}}-\frac {2 i b x^2 \log \left (1+\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{\sqrt {b^2-a^2}+b}\right )}{a^2 d \sqrt {b^2-a^2}}+\frac {b^2 x^2 \sin \left (c+d x^2\right )}{a d \left (a^2-b^2\right ) \left (a \cos \left (c+d x^2\right )+b\right )}-\frac {b^3 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {a e^{i \left (d x^2+c\right )}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a^2 d^2 \left (b^2-a^2\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {b^3 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {a e^{i \left (d x^2+c\right )}}{b+\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a^2 d^2 \left (b^2-a^2\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {i b^3 x^2 \log \left (1+\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a^2 d \left (b^2-a^2\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {i b^3 x^2 \log \left (1+\frac {a e^{i \left (c+d x^2\right )}}{\sqrt {b^2-a^2}+b}\right )}{a^2 d \left (b^2-a^2\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {x^4}{2 a^2}\right )\) |
(x^4/(2*a^2) - (I*b^3*x^2*Log[1 + (a*E^(I*(c + d*x^2)))/(b - Sqrt[-a^2 + b ^2])])/(a^2*(-a^2 + b^2)^(3/2)*d) + ((2*I)*b*x^2*Log[1 + (a*E^(I*(c + d*x^ 2)))/(b - Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2])])/(a^2*Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2]*d) + (I*b^3*x^2*Log[1 + (a*E^(I*(c + d*x^2)))/(b + Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2])])/(a^2*(-a^2 + b^2)^(3/2)*d ) - ((2*I)*b*x^2*Log[1 + (a*E^(I*(c + d*x^2)))/(b + Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2])])/(a ^2*Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2]*d) + (b^2*Log[b + a*Cos[c + d*x^2]])/(a^2*(a^2 - b^2)* d^2) - (b^3*PolyLog[2, -((a*E^(I*(c + d*x^2)))/(b - Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2]))])/( a^2*(-a^2 + b^2)^(3/2)*d^2) + (2*b*PolyLog[2, -((a*E^(I*(c + d*x^2)))/(b - Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2]))])/(a^2*Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2]*d^2) + (b^3*PolyLog[2, -((a*E^ (I*(c + d*x^2)))/(b + Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2]))])/(a^2*(-a^2 + b^2)^(3/2)*d^2) - (2*b*PolyLog[2, -((a*E^(I*(c + d*x^2)))/(b + Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2]))])/(a^2*Sqr t[-a^2 + b^2]*d^2) + (b^2*x^2*Sin[c + d*x^2])/(a*(a^2 - b^2)*d*(b + a*Cos[ c + d*x^2])))/2
3.1.25.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) + (a_))^(n_.)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(m_.) , x_Symbol] :> Int[ExpandIntegrand[(c + d*x)^m, 1/(Sin[e + f*x]^n/(b + a*Si n[e + f*x])^n), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && ILtQ[n, 0] && IGt Q[m, 0]
Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((a_.) + (b_.)*Sec[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)^(n_)])^(p_.), x_Symbol ] :> Simp[1/n Subst[Int[x^(Simplify[(m + 1)/n] - 1)*(a + b*Sec[c + d*x])^ p, x], x, x^n], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, m, n, p}, x] && IGtQ[Simplify[(m + 1)/n], 0] && IntegerQ[p]
\[\int \frac {x^{3}}{{\left (a +b \sec \left (d \,x^{2}+c \right )\right )}^{2}}d x\]
Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1928 vs. \(2 (522) = 1044\).
Time = 0.44 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1928, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.23 \[ \int \frac {x^3}{\left (a+b \sec \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^2} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
1/4*((a^5 - 2*a^3*b^2 + a*b^4)*d^2*x^4*cos(d*x^2 + c) + (a^4*b - 2*a^2*b^3 + b^5)*d^2*x^4 + 2*(a^3*b^2 - a*b^4)*d*x^2*sin(d*x^2 + c) - (2*a^3*b^2 - a*b^4 + (2*a^4*b - a^2*b^3)*cos(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2)*dilog(- (b*cos(d*x^2 + c) + I*b*sin(d*x^2 + c) + (a*cos(d*x^2 + c) + I*a*sin(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2) + a)/a + 1) + (2*a^3*b^2 - a*b^4 + (2*a^4*b - a^2*b^3)*cos(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2)*dilog(-(b*cos(d*x^2 + c) + I*b*sin(d*x^2 + c) - (a*cos(d*x^2 + c) + I*a*sin(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2) + a)/a + 1) - (2*a^3*b^2 - a*b^4 + (2*a^4*b - a^2*b^3)*cos(d* x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2)*dilog(-(b*cos(d*x^2 + c) - I*b*sin(d*x^2 + c) + (a*cos(d*x^2 + c) - I*a*sin(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2) + a) /a + 1) + (2*a^3*b^2 - a*b^4 + (2*a^4*b - a^2*b^3)*cos(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-( a^2 - b^2)/a^2)*dilog(-(b*cos(d*x^2 + c) - I*b*sin(d*x^2 + c) - (a*cos(d*x ^2 + c) - I*a*sin(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2) + a)/a + 1) + (-I*(2* a^3*b^2 - a*b^4)*d*x^2 - I*(2*a^3*b^2 - a*b^4)*c + (-I*(2*a^4*b - a^2*b^3) *d*x^2 - I*(2*a^4*b - a^2*b^3)*c)*cos(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2)*l og((b*cos(d*x^2 + c) + I*b*sin(d*x^2 + c) + (a*cos(d*x^2 + c) + I*a*sin(d* x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2) + a)/a) + (I*(2*a^3*b^2 - a*b^4)*d*x^2 + I*(2*a^3*b^2 - a*b^4)*c + (I*(2*a^4*b - a^2*b^3)*d*x^2 + I*(2*a^4*b - a^2* b^3)*c)*cos(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - b^2)/a^2)*log((b*cos(d*x^2 + c) + I*b *sin(d*x^2 + c) - (a*cos(d*x^2 + c) + I*a*sin(d*x^2 + c))*sqrt(-(a^2 - ...
\[ \int \frac {x^3}{\left (a+b \sec \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^2} \, dx=\int \frac {x^{3}}{\left (a + b \sec {\left (c + d x^{2} \right )}\right )^{2}}\, dx \]
Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {x^3}{\left (a+b \sec \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^2} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]
Exception raised: ValueError >> Computation failed since Maxima requested additional constraints; using the 'assume' command before evaluation *may* help (example of legal syntax is 'assume(4*b^2-4*a^2>0)', see `assume?` f or more de
\[ \int \frac {x^3}{\left (a+b \sec \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^2} \, dx=\int { \frac {x^{3}}{{\left (b \sec \left (d x^{2} + c\right ) + a\right )}^{2}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {x^3}{\left (a+b \sec \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^2} \, dx=\int \frac {x^3}{{\left (a+\frac {b}{\cos \left (d\,x^2+c\right )}\right )}^2} \,d x \]